Addictive Disorders

The Five Addictive Disorders

Alcohol Use Disorder

  • Excessive or uncontrolled drinking despite negative consequences.

  • Anxiety often worsens during withdrawal and hangovers, creating a cycle.

Drug Use Disorder

  • Dependence on substances (prescription or illicit) that disrupt daily functioning.

  • Can lead to heightened anxiety, paranoia, or mood instability.

Gambling Disorder

  • Persistent gambling despite financial, relational, or emotional harm.

  • The cycle of risk, loss, and secrecy frequently fuels anxiety and stress.

Sexual Addiction / Compulsive Sexual Behavior

  • Preoccupation with sexual activity that feels out of control or harmful.

  • Associated with shame, secrecy, and anxiety about being “found out” or losing control.

Food Addiction / Binge Eating Disorder

  • Compulsive overeating, cravings, or loss of control around food.

  • Emotional eating often linked to anxiety, guilt, and low self-worth.

Understanding Addictive Disorders and Anxiety

  • Explain how addictive behaviors and anxiety often coexist (e.g., using substances or behaviors to manage anxiety, which in turn increases distress).

  • Define the term addictive disorder in accessible, non-stigmatizing language.

  • Note that these disorders can affect health, relationships, work, and self-esteem.

Signs and Symptoms

  • Preoccupation with the substance or behavior.

  • Loss of control despite negative consequences.

  • Withdrawal, cravings, or strong urges.

  • Neglect of work, relationships, or health.

  • Using the behavior to manage anxiety or emotional distress.

Treatment Approaches

  • Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Identify and change patterns that maintain addictive cycles.

  • Motivational Interviewing (MI): Strengthen readiness for change.

  • Mindfulness-Based Strategies: Build awareness of triggers and regulate urges.

  • Relapse Prevention Planning: Develop coping strategies for high-risk situations.

  • Trauma-Informed Care: Address unresolved trauma that often underlies addictive patterns.

  • Collaboration with Medical Providers: Support for detox, nutrition, or medication when needed.

Why Seek Help

  • Reassure patients that addictive disorders are treatable.

  • Highlight that early intervention can prevent long-term harm.

  • Emphasize that therapy provides hope, healing, and healthier ways to cope with stress and anxiety.